Day +74 EBV = Murky Waters

        Last Friday our transplant doc called with the rest of the information she got from the lab regarding Sam's biopsies. The CMV and adenovirus stains came back negative but the stain for EBV was positive. She said though after consulting with the GI docs, they feel it is possibly a "false positive." The explanation is this: Sam has had a low level of EBV in her blood titers since engraftment. They monitor this weekly. There is blood in tissue and they feel the tests sensitivity possibly picked up on the EBV in her blood and that it is not actually "disease infected" tissue. They do feel that the tissue is infected but as of now are treating her with "infectious colitis - cause unknown."

       EBV is one of the "scariest" post transplant complications. While 90% of people have EBV in their "blood streams" their immune systems can keep it at bay. Sam's immune system is still suppressed and thus EBV in post transplant patients leads to lymphoma (cancer of WBC) and can rapidly spread throughout the body and be fatal. Unfortunately there are cases of people who develop PTLD (Post transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder) with very low levels of EBV in their blood stream and those who have higher levels who never develop PTLD and they just really aren't sure why. ATG (a specific chemo that Sam had for pre-transplant conditioning) is one factor associated with PTLD. PTLD is very difficult to treat but the options include surgery to remove infected/organ tissue if isolated, Rituxumab (chemo), radiation, and donor t- cell therapy (can't be done at Lurie's currently so would need to travel to a hospital that has this capability). None of these are things we want to even think about, let alone face. Even hearing anything related to a possibility of this situation with a "hopefully false positive" sent us into a mental tailspin this weekend. Emotionally, it really knocked us out for a few days and just takes us back to a place of such raw vulnerability staring at a sweet 21 month old who just deserves a break.

      Today at clinic, I shared these thoughts with our doc. Overall Sam's numbers looked good including her liver numbers which were high last week. Her EBV titers are "hanging around" 7,000- 8,000. If these numbers rise significantly or Sam starts to show any additional clinical symptoms including fever, night sweats, swollen lymph nodes etc. she will have several CT scans done again looking for lymphoma/tumors. From there we will have to decide based on what we see what comes next. The doc pressed upon me that she knows it is difficult, "but our worry isn't going to make this better or worse." The treatments for EBV/PTLD are dangerous and comes with a host of risks/side effects so this treatment will only be done if absolutely needed. She said that "this may need to take place in the future, but the time is not now, so we need to just breathe and go one step at a time." We do really like this doc and she has gotten to know our family and all of our different personalities very well over the last few months. We know she cares about Sam a great deal. It's so tough to essentially "ignore the possible awful elephant in the room" as I look at her, but I know for all our sake, it's time to go back to one step at a time. Day to day. Live in the moment and just enjoy her because she is honestly such a hoot! I wish she had less restrictions and could share her ridiculous personality and sense of humor with more of the world.... Someday... Someday!!!

Scope Done... "Very Sick" but still waiting for Cause

After a loooong night of a "clean out" that included "Go Lightly" through Sam's G tube for 12 hours and IVIG with monitoring vitals every thirty minutes until 1am, we had the upper and lower endoscopy procedures done late Tuesday afternoon. The GI doc who performed the surgery talked to us for awhile after. His initial findings from the scopes were that her esophagus and stomach looked pretty good. Her intestines looked fairly "beat up" with some swelling etc. but he attributed this to that she "has been through a lot" through transplant. Unfortunately he said her colon most certainly looks "very sick." Ulcers, discoloration, inflammation etc. He took several biopsies throughout the procedure and has sent them to the lab. He can't diagnose from a scope on it's own but did think it looked like either infection or GVHD.

The procedure overall went fairly well. The night preceding and the typical hospital logistics were frustrating per usual with an initial surgery timeframe of 8am - 11am and then actually taking place at 2:15pm. All while Sam had not eaten since 6pm the night before. We did end up getting the anesthesiologist we requested and she was MUCH more empathetic and in tune with Sam's age and the toll these accumulative "procedures" can take on a child her age. She gave her versed and propofol in pre-op. She let me carry her down the hall and said if she protested when I handed her off, she would let me come into the operating room until she was safely "asleep." She really was kind. Sam was basically "mush" while I carried her and they came and got us before she opened her eyes so I could pick her up immediately and nurse her when she woke. This part went much more smoothly than the previous two experiences.

At this point we are still waiting for definitive answers. The only thing that has been ruled out is GVHD. This is good in a sense because having GVHD start after day +30 puts you at higher risk for it being a chronic condition which many have to deal with. Unfortunately some of the other "scary" options like CMV (seems to be the front runner as docs' guesses), EBV, or adenovirus have not been ruled out. Our transplant doc asked the head GI doc to take a look personally at Sam's smears and they have been sent out for molecular analysis. We will be basically holding our breathe until we hear the next steps. For now though, we are home again and Sam is doing pretty well when I can keep her cramping/pain from ulcers etc. under control.

Thanks as always for all the kind words, encouragement, and support! Hoping for answers with effective treatment soon!

Day + 67 Heading "Back in"

Today we are being admitted into inpatient in preparation for surgery tomorrow. Sam will have a lower and upper endoscopy done with biopsies taken from her esophagus, stomach, intestines, and colon. Her diarrhea has persisted for weeks and we are looking for answers and to help ease her discomfort. She will remain for at least one or two nights in the hospital to monitor internal bleeding risk etc,

If it is graft vs. host, we will have to increase her steroids and cyclosporine significantly. In addition to the awful side effects this brings, it also runs the risk of "awakening" the ebv virus that is in her system which can wreak havoc on transplant patients. We are hopeful for answers but would prefer something easily treatable another way.

Our attitude going in this time is "let's just get this over with!" As I mentioned in previous posts, I think this will now be the 8th time we are "putting her under" since February 1st and each time she has a more traumatic reaction to the process. Unfortunately in our experience, efficiency is not always a hospital's strength so "get in and get out" as quick as possible attitudes often lead to headaches and frustration. Will be doing a lot of deep breathing over the next 48 hours and will advocate as much as possible for things to help sweet Sam stay as comforted as possible. Some docs/ nurses have a gift of knowing just because you are their 10th patient of the day, doesn't mean you need to feel that way.... Others, not so much:)

So, here we go again... Hoping for answers... And not scary ones please...

Day + 60 Tushy Troubles Continued

       Today's clinic visit wasn't as "painless" as the last few weeks. Sam was due for her pentamadine injection. This is an IV medication that she gets once per month that helps protect her from a specific strain of pneumonia. It takes over two and a half hours for her to receive a full dose of this medication and the zofran that she receives prior to avoid nausea/vomiting.  She was also "due" for her dressing change, throat swab, bottom swap, cyclosporine blood level, CBC blood levels, chemistries, and urine sample (Monday Fun- Day!). Kaeden is also out of school this week and doesn't start summer camp until next week, so he tagged along for this four hours of fun as well:) When Sam is receiving an IV medication there is a line hooked up to a "pump" that is on a tall vertical bar with wheels (similar to what I posted as her "caddy" during transplant but smaller.) Now that Sam has more energy, strength, and is on steroids, she loves to run around like a maniac (most 21 month year old toddlers do right?) So as she is attached to this medication for over two hours, I am trying to push the pump around a small hospital room or hallway at the perfect pace to maintain slack going to her PICC line, so it doesn't "pull" at her line at all. After our visit today the nurse practitioner called to tell me next week she will need an IVIG injection now too. This is a drug to give her "antibodies" a boost which are slightly low. This is a four hour injection. Hopefully we just get back home before Kaeden returns on the bus from his first day of summer camp!

      Sam's WBC count was down slightly as well as her platelets this week, but still in a good range. Her hemoglobin was stable from last week and in a normal range. Unfortunately her tummy issues/diarrhea have continued and we are at a cross roads as to what to do. Stool samples have all been negative for C-Diff and other infections that they were trying to rule out. The only way to confirm a GVHD (graft vs. host) diagnosis is through the lower GI scope and biopsy which requires general anesthesia. If it is GVHD, the treatment would be to initially increase her steroid dose significantly as well as her cyclosporine. If this doesn't work, then the transplant doc said there are other "choices" for medication to try. Typically, GVHD presents at an average of day +30 so they are skeptical to jump to this conclusion, but stated several times that Sam has obviously not been the "typical" case from the "get go" so they just have to follow what seems most logical for her at the time.  If these medications didn't have serious long-term side effects that are more likely at higher doses, doing a month long trial at a higher dose would be a "no brainer" but kidney/liver damage, bone brittleness, growth issues are all things we obviously want to avoid. I am getting the sense that the docs would like to "know what they are dealing with" more definitively which means the biopsy. Obviously though this is easier for them to view as a relatively "safe" procedure from a medical standpoint, but as I mentioned in previous posts, our stamina for the surgical floor and recovery is really waning as a family. The decision at the end of clinic today was to slightly increase Sam's cyclosporine level until next week but to keep her steroid the same. If her symptoms worsen over the week, the choice will be out of our hands, but that is where we are for now. Hoping for a resolve soon of these tummy issues so Sam's poor bottom gets a break!

Day +53 - Stamina...

Last night, we didn't sleep much at all. After speaking with Sam's primary transplant doc on Friday, she wanted to schedule a lower GI scope and biopsy of Sam's gut and intestinal tract today if her diarrhea did not significantly improve. This would entail "putting her under" again and at least a two day/one night stint in inpatient. On Friday, we were able to get a urine sample to rule out a urinary tract infection causing her intense pain when she urinated. It was not a simple task to get a "clean catch" from a toddler but luckily we did so successfully, and avoided having to catheter her. This didn't give us much information leading to what had been causing the intense pain for the last two days, so they think she may have passed a kidney stone... Ouch:( She also had a violent vomiting episode on Saturday that resulted in petechia all around her mouth and chin. This is a rash that typically happens when platelets are low. I was surprised because her platelets have been more stable, but this added to the nerves for today's appointment.

      As of this morning, I wasn't sure what the doc was going to want to do about the GI scope and biopsy. Luckily after her numbers came back from the lab, all three blood lines (hemoglobin, platelets, and ANC) looked stable and I explained that her "tummy issues" seemed to be slightly improved although not her "norm." I asked if it was reasonable to avoid the scope/biopsy at this time given things are improving slightly and assess throughout the week if things take a turn for the worse. She agreed to continue a 10 day cycle of her new antibiotic and take a close "wait and see" approach as far as her digestion issues go. Like all things have been, it's a delicate balance but the docs really try to be proactive because if her graft vs. host disease (which is what they now think the rash is most likely) moves to her gut/intestines, they want to be aggressive and try to treat it as early as possible to avoid it spreading to other organs. We totally agree and want to avoid this, but we are also all too aware of the toll each of these "procedures" takes on Sam.
   
      Since February 1st, Sam has had two bone marrow biopsies, one bone marrow aspirate, two skin biopsies, two PICC line insertions, one G tube placement and two replacement procedures due to infection/balloon burst, one heart ultrasound, an EKG, one stomach ultrasound, CT's of her chest/abdomen/pelvis, a chest x-ray, 26 platelet transfusions, and 13 red blood transfusions. This isn't even considering the countless swabs, dressing changes, meds/chemos, "samples", etc. etc. Even though the scope and biopsy procedure with a few days in the hospital pales in comparison to what Sam has been through, it is just hard to maintain the stamina sometimes. Especially as summer approaches and it's Kaeden's last week of school, we just long for a more "normal" existence. It's also harder to "distract" her and she has more of a "fight vs. flight" response now that she is stronger, older, and wiser as a 21 month old. My heart aches for the parents and kids who have to go through a second transplant or face a different disease after "beating" the first one. My mind races even thinking of this possibility. The future is exciting and scary all at the same time, but I guess that's the same for any parent:) Luckily today was a relatively "calm" day and I hope this week only gets better! Pushing lots of toast and bananas around here!

      On a side note, Kaeden went to the Dells this past weekend with Brandon and my Dad. He had a BLAST! It was his "summer vacation/overdue spring break trip" since Sam can't be in public/airplanes, travel too far from the hospital, play in sand/dirt... our other options are a bit more limited as a whole family this year. Luckily the "boys" had a ton of fun. Sam was asking where her "Kee Kee" was all weekend and was so excited watching at the window when they pulled up. We took a quick picture as they were unloading the car. The first one with all four of us in it for awhile! This is Kaeden's last week of school in Junior Kindergarten. Our hero really is growing up fast!